PSG has now secured the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired two times late to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.